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  Geographic and Organizational Characteristics of Trauma Centers and Nontrauma Centers: Comparison of Trauma and Nontrauma Centers  
       
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  All Levels
(n=1154)		 Hospital Without
Trauma Center
(n=3373)		 P
Value¥
  Region  
  Northeast 120(10.4) 515(15.3) <.001  
  Midwest 290(25.1) 1002(29.7) <.001  
  South 480(41.6) 1275(37.8) <.001  
  West 264(22.9) 581(17.2) <.001  
  Rurality (as defined by urban influence codes)  
  Metropolitan area, population by millions  
  Large(>=1) 300(26.0) 1053(31.5) <.001  
  Small(<1) 318(27.6) 798(23.8) <.001  
  Nonmetropolitan area, population by thousands  
  Adjacent to metropolitan area  
  City >=10 82(7.1) 271(8.1) <.001  
  No city >=10 137(11.9) 437(13.0) <.001  
  Horizontal Line
Not adjacent to metropolitan area		  
  City >=10 95(8.2) 214(6.4) <.001  
  No city >=10 222(19.2) 575(17.2) <.001  
  Ownership  
  Public 423(36.6) 746(22.1) <.001  
  Private  
  Not for profit 641(55.6) 2052(60.8) <.001  
  For profit 90(7.8) 575(17.1) <.001  
  Bed size  
  <100 469(40.6) 1473(43.6) <.001  
  100-299 336(29.1) 1477(43.8) <.001  
  300-499 201(17.4) 313(9.3) <.001  
  >=500 148(12.9) 110(3.3) <.001  
  Participation£  
  Hospital care system 577(56.2) 1657(56.8) .75  
  Hospital network 357(34.8) 945(32.5) .18  
  Teaching status§  
  COTH member 168(15.2) 100(3.0) <.001  
  Residency program 322(29.1) 395(11.7) <.001  
  Servicesµ  
  Intensive care unit 832(77.8) 2402(77.3) .75  
  Computerized tomography 962(90.0) 2823(90.8) .37  
  Magnetic resonance imaging 641(59.9) 1713(55.1) .006  
  Cardiac catheter laboratory 535(50.0) 1128(36.3) <.001  
  Open heart surgery 375(35.0) 551(17.7) <.001  
  Organ/tissue transplantation 187(17.5) 180(5.8) <.001  
  Burn care 90(8.4) 48(1.5) <.001  
  Registration  
  State or local registry¶ 1069(95.0)   <.001  
  National Trauma Data Bank# 101(8.8)   <.001  
 
 

Abbreviation: COTH, Council of Teaching Hospitals
* Distribution across trauma center levels.
¥ Difference of distribution between trauma and nontrauma centers
£ Missing data for 127 trauma center hospitals and 453 nontrauma center hospitals.
§ Missing data for 47 trauma center hospitals and 14 nontrauma center hospitals.
µ Missing data for 84 trauma center hospitals and 265 nontrauma center hospitals.
¶ Missing data for 29 trauma center hospitals.
# Missing data for 12 trauma center hospitals.

  
  Source: MacKenzie EJ et. al. National Inventory of Hospital Trauma Centers. JAMA 2003 Mar 26; 289(12):1520. ©2003 American Medical Association

Note: A trauma center is a hospital that is designated by a state or local authority or is verified by the American College of Surgeons. Hospitals that are solely pediatric trauma centers are not included in this report. 		 
 


 
 
     
 
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