TIEP: Public Reports - Geographic and Organizational Characteristics of Trauma Centers and Nontrauma Centers

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	Geographic and Organizational Characteristics of Trauma Centers and Nontrauma Centers: Comparison of Trauma Centers by Level

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Level of Trauma Center
I (n=190)	II (n=263)	III (n=251)	IV to V (n=450)

P
Value*

Region

Northeast

55(28.9)

53(20.1)

12(4.8)

0(0)

<.001

Midwest

55(28.9)

96(36.5)

35(13.9)

104(23.1)

<.001

South

57(30.1)

51(19.4)

136(54.2)

236(52.4)

<.001

West

23(12.1)

63(24.0)

68(27.1)

110(24.4)

<.001

Rurality (as defined by urban influence codes)

Metropolitan area, population by millions

Large(>=1)

119(62.2)

115(43.7)

37(14.7)

29(6.4)

<.001

Small(<1)

68(35.8)

123(46.8)

86(34.3)

41(9.1)

<.001

Nonmetropolitan area, population by thousands

Adjacent to metropolitan area

City >=10

0(0)

9(3.4)

43(17.1)

30(6.7)

<.001

No city >=10

1(0.5)

1(0.4)

15(6.0)

120(26.7)

<.001

Not adjacent to metropolitan area

City >=10

2(1.1)

15(5.7)

48(19.1)

30(6.7)

<.001

No city >=10

0(0)

0(0)

22(8.8)

200(44.4)

<.001

Ownership

Public

65(34.2)

25(9.5)

57(22.7)

276(61.3)

<.001

Private

Not for profit

120(63.2)

226(85.9)

154(61.4)

141(31.3)

<.001

For profit

5(2.6)

12(4.6)

40(15.9)

33(7.3)

<.001

Bed size

<100

0(0)

2(0.8)

81(32.3)

386(85.8)

<.001

100-299

19(10.0)

125(47.5)

133(52.9)

59(13.1)

<.001

300-499

70(36.8)

94(35.7)

33(13.2)

4(0.9)

<.001

>=500

101(53.2)

42(16.0)

4(1.6)

1(0.2)

<.001

Participation£

Hospital care system

136(80.5)

176(76.2)

126(55.5)

139(34.8)

<.001

Hospital network

70(41.4)

97(42.0)

78(34.1)

112(28.1)

<.001

Teaching status§

COTH member

137(75.7)

30(12.0)

1(0.4)

0(0)

<.001

Residency program

163(90.1)

121(48.4)

30(12.5)

8(1.8)

<.001

Servicesµ

Intensive care unit

174(99.4)

235(98.7)

220(93.2)

203(48.2)

<.001

Computerized tomography

174(99.4)

235(98.7)

227(96.2)

326(77.4)

<.001

Magnetic resonance imaging

157(89.7)

197(82.8)

175(74.2)

112(26.6)

<.001

Cardiac catheter laboratory

168(96.0)

204(85.7)

137(58.0)

26(6.2)

<.001

Open heart surgery

155(88.6)

154(64.7)

59(25.0)

7(1.7)

<.001

Organ/tissue transplantation

115(65.7)

43(18.1)

27(11.4)

2(0.5)

<.001

Burn care

74(42.3)

11(4.6)

4(1.7)

1(0.2)

<.001

Registration

State or local registry¶

153(84.1)

234(92.9)

236(96.7)

446(99.8)

<.001

National Trauma Data Bank#

50(26.4)

37(14.2)

10(4.1)

4(0.9)

<.001



	Abbreviation: COTH, Council of Teaching Hospitals * Distribution across trauma center levels. ¥ Difference of distribution between trauma and nontrauma centers £ Missing data for 127 trauma center hospitals and 453 nontrauma center hospitals. § Missing data for 47 trauma center hospitals and 14 nontrauma center hospitals. µ Missing data for 84 trauma center hospitals and 265 nontrauma center hospitals. ¶ Missing data for 29 trauma center hospitals. # Missing data for 12 trauma center hospitals.
	Source: MacKenzie EJ et. al. National Inventory of Hospital Trauma Centers. JAMA 2003 Mar 26; 289(12):1520. ©2003 American Medical Association Note: A trauma center is a hospital that is designated by a state or local authority or is verified by the American College of Surgeons. Hospitals that are solely pediatric trauma centers are not included in this report.

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